Steel sector are growing rapidly these days and
we have good opportunity to secure a nice job in any steel manufacturing unit
if we have knowledge about the steel manufacturing sector and material flow
during the manufacturing of steel.
Let us study this blog and I am assuring you, we
will have following information once we study this blog.
Let us see what we are going to understand
and what is the objective of studying this blog of steel manufacturing
unit -material flow analysis.
Objective
In this Blog we have to find the following
points
1.
Material flow analysis principle and Material
flow chart for manufacturing the steel
2.
Avoid or reduction of complexities of the system
as much as possible by providing the better concept of material flow
3.
Asses the relevant flows and stock in suitable
terms
4.
Presenting the result about flow and stock of
system in reproducible, transparent and understandable way
5.
Classification of material flow analysis
We will also secure one live example to understand the exact analysis of material movement in steel industries
Introduction
Material flow analysis or MFA is basically
defined as an efficient estimation of the flows of material as well as material
stocks within a specified system along with the given time and space.
In material flow analysis we will study about the connection between sources, route, intermediate steps as well as final sinks of material. It is quite easy to control the process and desired final output if we have understanding of the each step of material movement during manufacturing.
In material flow analysis we will study about the connection between sources, route, intermediate steps as well as final sinks of material. It is quite easy to control the process and desired final output if we have understanding of the each step of material movement during manufacturing.
Steel
Steels are used nearly everywhere for example in
industries, in residential area or in local market. In this study we will
discuss about the material flow during the making of steel.
Raw materials
Let us discuss what type of raw materials we use
1.
Scraps of relevant grade and compositions
2.
Dolomite, Coke, Iron ore fines, pellet , chrome
& coke fines
3.
Alloying elements such as Ni, Cr, Mo, and Cu, S,
P, Al & carbon.
Design and manufacturing Process
There is some design and manufacturing
constraints that we have to study before going to start the manufacturing the
steel.
1.
Grades of materials
2.
Environmental condition where steel that we are
going to be used
3.
Requirement of tensile strength, hardness,
resistant against corrosion & toughness.
4.
Dimensions & other specifications required by
customers
Manufacturing process
Arc Furnace
Arc furnace is machinery which is used for melting the scrap. Arc furnace is basically work on the principle of arc. There will be electrodes in arc furnaces. Temperature will be maintained around 1750 degree centigrade.
AOD
Continuous casting System
Continuous casting system converts molten metal in to solidified product such as steel billet, bloom or ingot or slab also.
Rolling Mill
In this unit hot billet will be re rolled in order to secure the desired shape and size of product such as wire , angle , channel , bar etc.
For better understanding, we may also refer the following flow chart where we may understand the flow process by pictorial view.
The above figure or
flow diagram basically shows how the integrated manufacturing of
steel / iron with the help of application of the BF i.e. blast furnace and
BOF i.e. basic oxygen furnace and it must be noted that this is the very common
process which is used in approx 51% out of world steel production.
Once the process of BF or BOF, molten metal will be controlled for a target chemical composition as well as temperature also and then liquid metal will be go for process of casting by the CCM i.e. continuous casting machine in order to produce the slabs, billets & blooms.
These castings metal will be undergoing for rolling process for the required specifications by the unit of rolling mill in order to produce the products of steel.
Once the process of BF or BOF, molten metal will be controlled for a target chemical composition as well as temperature also and then liquid metal will be go for process of casting by the CCM i.e. continuous casting machine in order to produce the slabs, billets & blooms.
These castings metal will be undergoing for rolling process for the required specifications by the unit of rolling mill in order to produce the products of steel.
Alloying element and Reducing agent
In case
of Blast furnace, carbon monoxide will be the main reducing agent and will be
produced by the oxidation of carbon in coke.
Hot
metal will be then undergoing for decarburization in basic oxygen furnace. The
liquid metal will refined in basic oxygen furnace, ladle refining furnace or in
argon oxygen decarburization.
The required chemical composition of steel as per requirement of grade will be prepared in this basic oxygen furnace/ ladle refining furnace / argon oxygen decarburization
The required chemical composition of steel as per requirement of grade will be prepared in this basic oxygen furnace/ ladle refining furnace / argon oxygen decarburization
When
molten metal will be prepared as per the required chemical constituents of
required grade then liquid metal will be tapped in ladle for next step of
addition of some alloying element for complete chemical constituents.
Lets
move forward for another material flow analysis for any other product .
we welcome your suggestion for amending the quality of the blog content
please provide feedback.
we welcome your suggestion for amending the quality of the blog content
please provide feedback.
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