MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS

There are some basic Mechanical properties 

Strength

Capacity to resist force or pressure

Ductility

Its material’s ability to be deformed or to be stretched under the action of tensile load 

Toughness

The amount of energy stored in a material per unit volume up to fracture point.

Hardness

Resistance of material against indentation, penetration, scratching & wear

Stiffness

Ability of material to resist deformation

Elastic modulus

Ratio of stress to strain

Impact strength

Ability of material to withstand against impact or sudden load and it will be given in the form of energy.

Strain hardening

Strengthen of metal by plastic deformation which is also considered as work hardening.

Brittleness

These materials have very little deformation before fracture.

Poisson ratio

Ratio of lateral to longitudinal strain

Malleability

Malleability is basically defined as the ability of a material to be converted in to sheet under the action of compressive load.

Stress –strain diagram

Point A – It is proportionality limit; up to this point hooks law will be followed. 

Point B – Elastic limit, up to this point the deformation will be elastic.

Point C – Ultimate stress, it is the maximum value of stress in stress – strain diagram.

Point D-  It is the fracture point, up to this point the material will have only elastic & plastic deformation ,but at this point fracture or rupture take place.