We have discussed 8 reasons of bearing failure in
our previous post, now we will discuss here the complete fundamental principle
and terminology in bearing and its applications.
I have observed when a mechanical engineer enters in
maintenance field, he first shows interest in learning the basic of bearings,
therefore keeping this point under consideration, i am going to start one post
especially for fundamentals of bearing and its applications.
Let us see what we will secure after thoroughly
reading of this post
2. Types of bearing
3. Handling of bearings
4. Installation of bearings
5. Operating conditions of bearing
6. Conditioning and monitoring of bearings
7. Preventive maintenance of bearings
8. Troubleshooting of bearings
Bearing is basically defined as device which is used
in order to provide the support and also to provide the guide for an
oscillating, rotating, or sliding shaft and also for wheel to revolve
successfully.
Whenever we require a shaft to rotate or wheel to
rotate, we will surely need bearing in order to secure the desired operation.
Principle of application of a bearing is to reduce the friction between the two
objects those are in relative motion with each other.
Basic working components of bearings
There are basically four components, those are very
important for smooth performance of bearings.
Outer ring
Outer ring of a bearing is also termed as outer race
and it protect the internal components of bearings. Outer ring of bearing will
be fixed with bearing housing during installation of bearing and therefore
outer ring should be machined precisely and smoothly.
Inner ring
Inner ring of a bearing is also termed as inner race
and it will be fixed over the bearing sheet provided on the shaft during
installation of bearing.
Rolling elements
Rolling elements of a bearing is very crucial
component of a bearing. It will keep the bearing inner ring and outer ring at a
distance and will permit the smooth movement of shaft within bearing housing.
Rolling elements might be balls or rollers on the basis of type of load and
operating conditions and also on type of applications.
On the basis of shape of rolling elements of
bearings, these are classified in two major categories i.e. roller bearings and
ball bearings.
If we consider ball bearings, there will be groove
made over the outer surface of inner ring and over the inner surface of outer
ring and these grooves will be termed as ball path as rolling elements i.e.
balls in case of ball bearing will rotate within this ball path.
If we consider roller bearings, rollers will rotate
over the flat surface provided over the both races and these flat surfaces will
be termed as roller path.
Let us see one figure of a bearing, where we may
easily distinguish the outer ring, inner ring, cage and rolling elements of
bearings.
Cage
Cage of a bearing is also termed as separator
as it will hold the rolling elements between inner ring and outer ring and also
it will also keep the rolling elements at equal distance with each other.
We will discuss the various functions of a bearing and
also the requirement of a bearing in our next post.
Resources: SKF Bearings maintenance manuals
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