We were discussing the concept
of laminar
and turbulent flow, Reynolds
experiment, frictional
loss in pipes, derivation of expression
for loss of head due to friction in pipes, co-efficient
of friction in terms of shear stress, basics
of shear stress in turbulent flow, minor
head losses in pipe flow and also the concept of hydraulic
gradient and total energy line, in the subject of fluid mechanics, in our
recent posts.
Now we will go ahead to see the basic
concept and working of syphon, in the subject of fluid mechanics, with the help
of this post.
Flow through Syphon
Syphon is basically defined as a long
pipe which is basically used to transfer liquid from a reservoir at a higher
elevation to another reservoir at a lower level when the two reservoirs are
separated by a hill or high level ground.
Let us consider that we have two reservoirs
i.e. A and B separated by a hill as displayed here in following figure. A tube
i.e. syphon is connected with reservoir A and reservoir B. Point C which will
be at the highest of the syphon will be termed as summit.
Flow through the syphon will be only possible
if pressure at the point C is below than the atmospheric pressure. Pressure at
point C will be less than atmospheric pressure because point C is above the
free surface of the water in the tank A. This difference in pressure will cause
the flow of liquid through the syphon.
Theoretically pressure at point C may be
reduced to -10.3 m of water, but in actual practice this pressure will be -7.6 m
of water.
Application of Syphon
Syphon is basically used in following
cases.
- To transport water from one reservoir to another reservoir separated by a hill or ridge.
- To take out the liquid from a tank, which is not having any outlet.
- To empty a channel not provided with any outlet sluice.
Further we will go ahead to find out the
flow through pipes in series or flow through compound pipes, in the subject of
fluid mechanics, with the help of our next post.
Do you have any suggestions? Please
write in comment box.
Reference:
Fluid mechanics, By R. K. Bansal
Image courtesy: Google
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