We were discussing the basic definition and significance of fluid mechanics, kinematic viscosity, Dynamic viscosity and
various properties of fluids in our previous post.Â
Now we will understand here the various types of fluids with respective examples with the help of this post.
Now we will understand here the various types of fluids with respective examples with the help of this post.
Types of fluids
Fluids are basically classified in to the following
seven types as mentioned here
1. Ideal fluid
2. Real fluid
3. Newtonian fluid
4. Non-Newtonian fluid
5. Ideal Plastic fluid
6. Incompressible fluid
7. Compressible fluid
Ideal fluid
Ideal fluid is basically defined as a fluid which
will be incompressible and in which viscosity will be zero.Â
If we talk practically, there will be no existence of ideal fluid and therefore ideal fluid is an imaginary fluid only.
If we talk practically, there will be no existence of ideal fluid and therefore ideal fluid is an imaginary fluid only.
Real Fluid
Real fluid is basically defined as a fluid which
will be incompressible and in which viscosity will not be zero. There will be
viscosity in such fluids.
Example:
Water, Kerosene, Petrol, Air
Newtonian fluid
Newtonian fluid is basically defined as a fluid in
which shear stress will be directly proportional with the velocity gradient.
We can also say that a fluid which follows the
Newton’s law of viscosity will be termed as Newtonian fluid.
Example:
Water, Air, Benzine etc
Non- Newtonian fluid
Non- Newtonian fluid is basically defined as a fluid
in which shear stress will not be directly proportional with the rate of shear
strain or velocity gradient.
We can also say that a fluid which does not follow
the Newton’s law of viscosity will be termed as Non- Newtonian fluid.
Example:
Plaster, Flubber, Slurries and Pastes etc.
Ideal Plastic fluid
Ideal Plastic fluid is basically defined as a fluid
in which shear stress will be more than the yield value and shear stress will
be directly proportional with the rate of shear strain or velocity gradient.
Incompressible fluid
If density of a fluid will not be changed with
change in external pressure or force, then that fluid will be termed as Incompressible
fluid.
Liquids will be considered as incompressible fluid.
Therefore, hydraulic accumulators are used to develop the nature of
compressibility in hydraulic systems.
Compressible fluid
If density of a fluid will be changed with change in
external pressure or force, then that fluid will be termed as compressible
fluid.
Gases will be considered as compressible fluid.
We will now discuss Newton’s law of viscosity in the
category of fluid mechanics in our next post.
Do you have suggestions? Please write in comment box.
Reference:
Fluid mechanics by Y. Nakayama and R F Boucher
Image Courtesy: Google
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