We have seen the basics of metal cutting tools with the help of our previous post i.e. metal cutting tools: definition and classification.

Today we are going to start a very important topic here with the help of this post i.e. explain the geometry and nomenclature of a single point cutting tool.

So, let us understand here the single point cutting tool nomenclature and its geometry

Single point cutting tool nomenclature and its geometry

A single point cutting tool will have an effective cutting edge and it will remove the excess materials from the workpiece along the cutting edge. Single point cutting tools will be usually used on lathes, shapers, planers, etc.

We can see here the various important parts of a single point cutting tool as displayed here in following figure.

Nomenclature of single point cutting tool

Geometry and nomenclature of a single point cutting tool

Shank

Shank is basically defined as the main body of the tool. Cutting portion will be formed at one end of the shank of the metal cutting tool. The shank in turn will be supported on the tool post of the machine.

Neck

The portion of the cutting tool which is reduced in section in order to form the necessary cutting edges and angles will be termed as the neck of the single point metal cutting tool.

Face

The face of the metal cutting tool is basically defined as the surface over which the chip slides once it will be separated from the workpiece.

Base

It is the surface on which tool rests.

Heel or lower face

Heel is basically defined as the horizontal surface at the end of the base in the neck portion which does not participate in the metal cutting process.

Flank

Flank is basically defined as the surface below the cutting edge. There are basically two types of flanks in a metal cutting tool i.e. major flank and minor flank.

Cutting edge or lip

Cutting edge is basically defined as the portion of the face edge along which the chip will be separated from the workpiece.

Cutting edge of metal cutting tool will have the following main parts as mentioned below

Nose
Side cutting edge or major cutting edge
End cutting edge or minor cutting edge

Nose of the metal cutting tool will be defined as the corner, arc or chamfer at the junction of major and minor cutting edges.

Therefore, we have seen here the various important parts of a single metal cutting tool with the help of this post.

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We will find out now the difference between rake angle and clearance angle of cutting tool and main characteristics of cutting tool materials with the help of our next posts.

in our next post.